六、轉折/對比原則

　　議論文和說明文都強調邏輯的嚴謹性，而轉折和對比常常可以用來測試考生在這一方面的閱讀理解能力，所以考生對文中的轉折和對比關系應高度重視，只要看到標明轉折或對比的關系詞如but， however等，就應當立即在原文上進行圈點。一般說來轉折后的內容多與上文所表達的意思相反，而對比往往是強調其中的一方。

　　1.首段的轉折/對比

　　只要首段中出現一對處于對比狀況的概念，命題專家通常都會就此設置考題，考生應掌握這一規律，在看到文章首段出現轉折對比的內容時，應當立即集中注意力，同時還要明白，第一段出現轉折關系時，轉折后所表述的一定是文章的中心議題，而在首段出現的對照或對比的內容將在下文中進行具體的議論，并在文章最后得出結論。

　　例

　　few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. perhaps it is human kinds long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. but to be fascinated is also， sometimes， to be blind. several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.

　　the third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that .(轉折)

　　people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality

　　the blind could be happier than the sighted

　　over_excited people tend to neglect vital things

　　fascination makes people lose their eyesight

　　c

　　2.文中的轉折

　　例

　　it is a remarkable record， stretching back over 70 yearsyet the bbcs future is now in doubt.

　　the world famous bbc now faces .

　　the problem of new coveragean uncertain prospect

　　inquiries by the general publicshrinkage of audience

　　六、轉折/對比原則

　　議論文和說明文都強調邏輯的嚴謹性，而轉折和對比常常可以用來測試考生在這一方面的閱讀理解能力，所以考生對文中的轉折和對比關系應高度重視，只要看到標明轉折或對比的關系詞如but， however等，就應當立即在原文上進行圈點。一般說來轉折后的內容多與上文所表達的意思相反，而對比往往是強調其中的一方。

　　1.首段的轉折/對比

　　只要首段中出現一對處于對比狀況的概念，命題專家通常都會就此設置考題，考生應掌握這一規律，在看到文章首段出現轉折對比的內容時，應當立即集中注意力，同時還要明白，第一段出現轉折關系時，轉折后所表述的一定是文章的中心議題，而在首段出現的對照或對比的內容將在下文中進行具體的議論，并在文章最后得出結論。

　　例

　　few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. perhaps it is human kinds long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. but to be fascinated is also， sometimes， to be blind. several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.

　　the third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that .(轉折)

　　people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality

　　the blind could be happier than the sighted

　　over_excited people tend to neglect vital things

　　fascination makes people lose their eyesight

　　c

　　2.文中的轉折

　　例

　　it is a remarkable record， stretching back over 70 yearsyet the bbcs future is now in doubt.

　　the world famous bbc now faces .

　　the problem of new coveragean uncertain prospect

　　inquiries by the general publicshrinkage of audience